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[M-typing of Streptococcus pyogenes by latex agglutination using monoclonal antibody. Streptococcal Diseases Study
C Katsukawa1, K Harada, M Makino
1Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health.
Abstract:
The Lancefield's serotyping system of Streptococcus pyogenes is based on the M protein. The typing sera used for this system are prepared in rabbits immunized with whole organisms of specific serotypes. To remove cross reactive antibodies, the sera should be extensively absorbed with organisms of selected heterologous serotypes. In this study, the possibility of using monoclonal antibody (MAb) as a type specific reagent was discussed. MAb which specifically reacted to M type 12 protein of S. pyogenes were produced by cell fusion. This specific MAb reacted to hot acid extracted M type 12 protein in ELISA but didn't react in agglutination and precipitation. Latex beads were sensitized with MAb and examined by the coagglutination method. The latex reagent could detect a very small amount of M type 12 protein, so it could be used for M typing of S. pyogenes which produced a small amount of M 12 protein.
Insights
Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) offer a new method for Streptococcus pyogenes M protein typing. MAbs can detect small amounts of M type 12 protein, improving diagnostic accuracy.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
Context:
- Streptococcus pyogenes serotyping relies on the M protein.
- Current serotyping methods involve rabbit antisera requiring extensive absorption to remove cross-reactive antibodies.
Purpose:
- To explore the use of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) as type-specific reagents for Streptococcus pyogenes M typing.
Summary:
- Monoclonal antibodies specifically targeting M type 12 protein were generated using cell fusion.
- These MAbs showed reactivity with M type 12 protein in ELISA but not in agglutination or precipitation assays.
- Latex beads sensitized with MAb successfully detected small quantities of M type 12 protein via coagglutination.
Impact:
- This MAb-based latex reagent offers a sensitive method for M typing Streptococcus pyogenes, particularly strains producing low levels of M protein.
- Potential to enhance the specificity and efficiency of serotyping for this important human pathogen.