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Thyroid function in changing weather in a subtropical region

G K Rastogi, R C Sawhney

    Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
    |August 1, 1976
    PubMed
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    Thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) urinary excretion increases in colder months, suggesting enhanced thyroid hormone availability to aid adaptation to cold through increased thermogenesis.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Environmental Physiology
    • Human Metabolism

    Background:

    • Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating metabolism and body temperature.
    • Seasonal variations in environmental temperature can influence physiological processes.
    • Understanding thyroid hormone dynamics in response to temperature is important for human adaptation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the seasonal variations in thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) levels and excretion in healthy men.
    • To assess the relationship between environmental temperature and thyroid hormone metabolism.
    • To determine if thyroid hormone responses to TRH differ between seasons.

    Main Methods:

    • Collected monthly serum and 24-hr urine samples from eight healthy men over one year.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Measured serum thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), thyrotropin (TSH), and urinary T3 and T4 using radioimmunoassays.
  • Assessed serum thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) and thyroid hormone responses to TRH in different seasons.
  • Main Results:

    • Serum T3, T4, TSH, and TBG concentrations showed no significant seasonal variations.
    • Mean urinary excretion of T3 and T4 was significantly higher during the coldest months (January-February) compared to the hottest months (May-July).
    • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and urinary T3/T4 responses to TRH did not differ significantly between summer and winter.

    Conclusions:

    • Increased urinary excretion of T3 and T4 during colder months suggests greater availability of free thyroid hormones.
    • This enhanced thyroid hormone availability may facilitate adaptation to cold environments by increasing non-shivering thermogenesis.
    • Urinary hormone excretion serves as an indirect indicator of unbound, biologically active hormone levels.