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Ethanol emission factors for glazing during candy production
R A Wadden1, D I Baird, J E Franke
1Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal
|April 1, 1994
Summary
This study measured ethyl alcohol emissions from candy glazing, establishing emission factors per batch. These findings help quantify industrial alcohol release and improve exposure assessments.
Area of Science:
- Industrial Hygiene
- Chemical Engineering
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Candy glazing operations utilize ethyl alcohol, a volatile organic compound.
- Accurate quantification of industrial emissions is crucial for environmental and occupational health.
- Previous studies lacked specific emission data for candy glazing processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine emission rates and emission factors for ethyl alcohol from candy glazing.
- To validate emission factors using glaze mixture composition and batch data.
- To provide data for improved exposure modeling in similar industrial settings.
Main Methods:
- Employed a mass balance modeling approach combined with on-site field testing.
- Collected ethanol vapor samples using charcoal tubes and continuous gas analysis.
- Conducted ventilation measurements and source activity observations concurrently with air sampling.
Main Results:
- Average emission rates ranged from 38.4 to 49.6 kg/hour.
- Calculated emission factors varied between 291 and 500 g/batch.
- Emission factors closely matched estimates derived from glaze composition (446 g/batch).
Conclusions:
- The study successfully established reliable emission factors for ethyl alcohol in candy glazing.
- The emission factor approach is effective in standardizing emission quantification across different operational spaces.
- Findings contribute to better understanding and management of industrial volatile organic compound emissions.