Endovaginal sonography of the nongravid uterus

Endovaginal sonography allows excellent visualization of the endometrium, including the cyclic changes seen in premenopausal women and the normal postmenopausal endometrium. The spectrum of abnormalities affecting the endometrium and myometrium, including foreign bodies, infection, fluid collections, hyperplasia, and neoplasia, is also best assessed with endovaginal sonography. It has also become the imaging modality of choice for examining women with postmenopausal bleeding. In these patients, analysis of the sonographic appearance of the endometrium, combined with duplex and color Doppler evaluation of the endometrial vasculature, may allow differentiation of benign from malignant processes.