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Labial capillary microscopy in systemic sclerosis

W Grassi1, P Core, G Carlino

  • 1Department of Rheumatology, University of Ancona, Italy.

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
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Labial capillaroscopy effectively assesses microvascular changes in systemic sclerosis, revealing distinct patterns not seen in nailfold imaging. This non-invasive method offers a new way to study mucosal circulation in scleroderma patients.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis is characterized by microvascular disease affecting various organs.
  • Conventional nailfold capillaroscopy is used to assess microvascular changes.
  • Assessing mucosal microcirculation in systemic sclerosis requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of in vivo capillary microscopy of the lower lip mucosa for assessing microvascular disease in systemic sclerosis.
  • To compare labial capillaroscopy findings with conventional nailfold capillary microscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Thirteen patients with systemic sclerosis and 11 healthy controls underwent nailfold and labial capillaroscopy.
  • Analyzed parameters included loop length, loop width, loop density, venular plexus visibility, megacapillaries, and capillary network architecture.

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Main Results:

  • A typical 'scleroderma pattern' was seen in 92% of patients via nailfold microscopy.
  • Labial capillaroscopy revealed diffuse architectural derangement in 92% of patients.
  • Patients with systemic sclerosis had shorter and wider labial capillaries compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Labial capillary microscopy is a simple, non-invasive technique for assessing mucosal microcirculation.
  • Significant microvascular changes were observed in systemic sclerosis patients using labial capillaroscopy.
  • Labial and nailfold capillaroscopy findings are not directly superimposable but share some abnormalities like architectural derangement.