Mediators of coagulation and inflammation: relationship and clinical significance

Inflammation and coagulopathies are currently thought to play a role in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of many forms of critical illness, particularly sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction, DIC, and reperfusion injury. Because much of the new pharmacologic research and therapy focuses on inflammation and coagulation mechanisms, it is imperative for the critical care nurse to have a basic understanding of these two complex mechanisms to intelligently and safely administer these drugs and to increase his or her understanding of the disease process and its manifestations. This article will provide an overview of the significant features of inflammation and coagulation and their close relationship. Major clinical syndromes affecting the critical care population will then be described relative to these inflammatory and coagulation events.