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Are intraligamentary injections intravascular?
H Cannell1, C Kerawala, K Webster
1Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, London Hospital Medical College.
British Dental Journal
|October 23, 1993
Summary
Intraligamentary injections of lignocaine and prilocaine showed low peak plasma levels in adults. These findings suggest that intraligamentary (IL) injections are unlikely to cause systemic side effects in healthy adults when administered in small doses.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Pharmacology
- Anesthesiology
Background:
- Local anesthetics are commonly administered via intraligamentary injections in dental procedures.
- Understanding the systemic absorption of these agents is crucial for patient safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify plasma levels of lignocaine and prilocaine following intraligamentary injections.
- To compare systemic absorption from intraligamentary injections with intravenous administration.
Main Methods:
- Intraligamentary injections of lignocaine and prilocaine were administered to upper teeth using a pressure-type syringe.
- Plasma drug concentrations were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography.
- Results were compared to plasma levels obtained after intravenous injections in the same subjects.
Main Results:
- Peak plasma levels of both lignocaine and prilocaine were detected within 2 minutes after intraligamentary injection, suggesting rapid systemic absorption.
- Peak plasma concentration of lignocaine was approximately 7% of the intravenous dose.
- Peak plasma concentration of prilocaine was approximately 25% of the intravenous dose.
Conclusions:
- Intraligamentary injections of lignocaine and prilocaine result in relatively low systemic absorption in healthy adults.
- The systemic effects of intraligamentary injections are unlikely to be significant when administered in typical dental doses.