Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Modulation of the functional stretch reflex by the segmental reflex pathway

T Vilis, J D Cooke

    Experimental Brain Research
    |June 18, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Investigating biceps muscle reflexes in monkeys revealed that the M1 reflex dominates with low muscle activity and small perturbations. Larger perturbations engage the M2 reflex, which is sensitive to muscle activity and sensory input.

    Related Concept Videos

    You might also read

    Related Articles

    Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

    Sort by
    Same author

    Group-delay diagnostic for measuring vapor column density.

    Applied optics·2010
    Same author

    Venlafaxine treatment stimulates expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in frontal cortex and inhibits long-term potentiation in hippocampus.

    Neuroscience·2009
    Same author

    "Active" and "passive" learning of three-dimensional object structure within an immersive virtual reality environment.

    Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc·2002
    Same author

    The visuomotor transformation for arm movement accounts for 3-D eye orientation and retinal geometry.

    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·2002
    Same author

    Eye position sense contributes to the judgement of slant.

    Vision research·2001
    Same author

    Distinguishing subregions of the human MT+ complex using visual fields and pursuit eye movements.

    Journal of neurophysiology·2001

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Motor Control
    • Primate Physiology

    Background:

    • Understanding reflex responses is crucial for motor control.
    • Electromyography (EMG) measures muscle electrical activity.
    • Segmental and suprasegmental pathways modulate reflex responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate electromyographic (EMG) reflex responses in the biceps muscle.
    • To differentiate between M1 (15-20 msec) and M2 (40-55 msec) reflex pathways.
    • To determine the influence of perturbation magnitude and muscle activity on reflex responses.

    Main Methods:

    • Awake Cebus monkeys were trained to resist handle perturbations.
    • EMG recordings were taken from the biceps muscle.
    • Varying perturbation sizes and torque reductions were applied to analyze reflex responses.

    Main Results:

    • M1 reflex magnitude was high with tonic muscle activity and small perturbations.
    • M1 response saturated with larger perturbations, increasing M2 response significance.
    • M2 response magnitude correlated with perturbation size and was sensitive to segmental drive.

    Conclusions:

    • Reflex response patterns differ based on perturbation intensity and muscle activation levels.
    • The M2 reflex plays a significant role in resisting larger perturbations.
    • Segmental pathways critically influence suprasegmental reflex modulation.

    Related Experiment Videos