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Related Experiment Videos

Pemphigus associated with nail dystrophy

D D Berker1, K Dalziel, R P Dawber

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Slade Hospital, Oxford, U.K.

The British Journal of Dermatology
|October 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Dystrophic nails can indicate pemphigus vulgaris, an autoimmune blistering disease. Nail changes improved with treatment, suggesting a link between nail health and this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune blistering disease affecting skin and mucous membranes.
  • Nail involvement in pemphigus vulgaris is not well-characterized.

Observation:

  • Two patients with pemphigus vulgaris presented with nail dystrophies preceding mucocutaneous lesions by years.
  • Nail changes in both patients showed improvement following treatment for pemphigus vulgaris.

Findings:

  • Histology of one patient's nail matrix was consistent with pemphigus.
  • Direct immunofluorescence revealed intercellular IgG in the nail matrix epithelium of both patients, alongside other affected body sites.

Implications:

  • Dystrophic nails may serve as an early, non-specific indicator of underlying autoimmune disease, specifically pemphigus vulgaris.

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  • This finding highlights the relevance of nail examination in the diagnosis and management of pemphigus vulgaris.