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LDL size and subclass pattern in a biethnic population

S M Haffner1, L Mykkänen, R A Valdez

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Texas, Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284-7873.

Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis : a Journal of Vascular Biology
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
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Small, dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a coronary heart disease risk. Mexican Americans have smaller LDL size, linked to higher triglycerides, insulin, and glucose, and lower HDL-C.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Population Health

Background:

  • Small, dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is an emerging risk factor for coronary heart disease.
  • Limited research exists on LDL size correlates in population studies, particularly within Mexican American communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between LDL size and pattern with anthropometric and metabolic variables in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites.
  • To identify independent correlates of LDL size in a diverse population.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of LDL size and pattern in 466 Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites from the San Antonio Heart Study.
  • Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses to assess associations between LDL size and various metabolic and anthropometric factors.

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Main Results:

  • Mexican Americans exhibited significantly smaller LDL particle size compared to non-Hispanic whites after adjusting for age and gender.
  • Higher concentrations of triglycerides, insulin, and glucose, along with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and male gender, were independently associated with smaller, denser LDL.
  • Correlates of LDL size were consistent across both ethnic groups, highlighting triglycerides and HDL-C as primary determinants.

Conclusions:

  • Triglyceride and HDL-C levels are key determinants of LDL size, consistent with prior research.
  • Male gender, glucose, and insulin concentrations emerge as independent correlates, suggesting potential roles for sex hormones and insulin resistance syndrome in modulating LDL particle size.