[Resources for preventing professional burnout]

Burnout in the nursing profession has been reported in the literature for the past decade. Yet few studies have identified the causative factors or the recommended resources for prevention and treatment. An exhaustive literature review by the authors produced over 300 articles--40 of which were selected and systematically analyzed. It became apparent that the contributing factors to nursing burnout include stressors relating to the nurse's role, tasks and interpersonal conflicts, and in particular, the lack of management and peer support. The nurse's susceptibility to burnout varied considerably and was dependent upon individual character traits such as hardiness. Hardy individuals demonstrated an ability to deal with life through qualities such as their ability to manage change; their sense of commitment, and their sense of control over their lives. According to the literature, these individuals are less susceptible to burnout manifestations. The article also identifies potential resources available to nurses and positive factors that could improve their adaptation to stressful situations or environments. In light of dwindling financial resources and increased nursing responsibilities, the authors advise steering nurses in a direction that will unite them with their peers, management, and their profession.