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Ethnic differences in response to morphine

H H Zhou1, J R Sheller, H Nu

  • 1Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-6602.

Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Ethnicity impacts how the body processes and responds to morphine. Chinese individuals showed higher morphine clearance and less respiratory and blood pressure depression compared to white individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Pharmacogenetics
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Interindividual variability in drug response is significant.
  • Ethnic differences are increasingly recognized as a key factor in drug response variability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of morphine between healthy Chinese and white males.
  • To investigate the influence of ethnicity on morphine metabolism and its physiological effects.

Main Methods:

  • Intravenous administration of 0.15 mg/kg morphine to eight Chinese and eight white healthy males.
  • Measurement of morphine clearance, metabolism to normorphine, and respiratory responses to carbon dioxide rebreathing.
  • Assessment of morphine's effects on resting ventilation, end-tidal PCO2, and blood pressure.

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Main Results:

  • Morphine clearance was significantly higher in Chinese subjects due to increased glucuronidation.
  • No ethnic differences were observed in metabolism to normorphine.
  • White subjects exhibited greater respiratory depression (reduced ventilation and PCO2 sensitivity) and blood pressure reduction compared to Chinese subjects.

Conclusions:

  • Ethnicity is a significant determinant of morphine disposition and effects.
  • Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences in morphine response exist between Chinese and white populations.
  • These findings highlight the importance of considering ethnic background in morphine therapy and drug development.