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Soil quality in relation to soil pollution

F A de Haan1

  • 1Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands.

Ciba Foundation Symposium
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Soil quality assessment is complex due to high variability in soil properties and buffering capacities. Reference values, like those in The Netherlands for heavy metals, account for clay and organic matter content to establish soil quality standards.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Soil Science
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Soil is a complex environmental compartment with highly variable chemical, physical, and biological properties.
  • This inherent variability complicates the establishment of universal quantitative soil quality evaluation rules.
  • Differences in soil buffering capacities for various compounds further challenge standardized assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the complexity of soil quality assessment.
  • To introduce a system of reference values for evaluating soil contamination.
  • To describe methods for deriving effect-based soil quality standards.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of soil with air and water environmental compartments.
  • Development of reference values for various compounds in The Netherlands.

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  • Incorporation of soil clay and organic matter content into reference values for heavy metals.
  • Description of methods for deriving effect-based soil quality standards.

    • Main Results:

    • General rules for quantitative soil quality evaluation are difficult to establish due to soil system variability.
    • A system of reference values reflecting low contamination levels has been developed in The Netherlands.
    • Reference values for heavy metals utilize sliding scales based on clay and organic matter content.

    Conclusions:

    • Soil quality assessment requires consideration of specific soil properties and buffering capacities.
    • The Dutch system provides a framework for soil quality standards, particularly for heavy metals.
    • Effect-based approaches offer a pathway for more refined soil quality standard derivation.