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Related Experiment Videos

Condom use: a self-efficacy model

E Wulfert1, C K Wan

  • 1Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York 12222.

Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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College students’ condom use is influenced by self-efficacy and peer factors, not just AIDS knowledge. Many students feel informed about HIV but not personally at risk, despite engaging in risky behaviors.

Area of Science:

  • Health Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • College students often engage in risky sexual behaviors.
  • Understanding factors influencing condom use is crucial for public health interventions.
  • Social-cognitive theory provides a framework for examining health behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the predictors of condom use among college students.
  • To evaluate a structural model based on social-cognitive theory, with self-efficacy as a key mediator.
  • To identify the roles of self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, peer influences, sexual attitudes, AIDS knowledge, and perceived vulnerability.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was administered to heterosexually active college students.
  • Data collected included information on condom use, self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, sexual attitudes, peer influences, AIDS knowledge, and perceived vulnerability.
Keywords:
Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAmericasBarrier MethodsBehaviorCommunicationCondomContraceptionContraceptive MethodsDeveloped CountriesDiseasesEducationFamily PlanningHiv InfectionsKnowledge SourcesModels, ExperimentalNorth AmericaNorthern AmericaPeer GroupsPerceptionPsychological FactorsPsychosocial FactorsResearch MethodologyRisk Reduction BehaviorSelf-perceptionSex BehaviorSexual PartnersStudentsUnited StatesViral Diseases

Related Experiment Videos

  • Structural equation modeling (LISREL) was used to test the proposed model.

    • Main Results:

    • Self-efficacy and peer influences explained 46% of the variance in condom use.
    • Outcome expectancies and peer group influences explained 53% of the variance in self-efficacy.
    • Sexual attitudes, AIDS knowledge, and perceived vulnerability did not significantly predict condom use.

    Conclusions:

    • Self-efficacy is a central mediator in condom use behavior among college students.
    • Peer influences and outcome expectancies play significant roles in shaping self-efficacy and condom use.
    • Despite high HIV/AIDS knowledge, many students perceive low personal risk, highlighting a gap in risk perception and behavior.