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Onchocerciasis in two dogs

C H Gardiner1, E J Dick, A C Meininger

  • 1Department of Veterinary Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|September 15, 1993
PubMed
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Onchocerciasis, a parasitic worm infection, is rarely seen in dogs but can cause eye nodules. This study reports two new canine cases, highlighting the need for veterinary awareness, especially in western regions.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Ophthalmology
  • Parasitology
  • Canine Pathology

Background:

  • Onchocerciasis is a parasitic disease common in livestock.
  • Canine onchocerciasis is rare, with only one prior report.
  • Ocular and periocular manifestations in dogs are not well-documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report two additional cases of canine onchocerciasis.
  • To describe the clinical and histological findings of ocular onchocerciasis in dogs.
  • To increase awareness of this condition in veterinary diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Case presentation of two dogs with ocular/periocular masses.
  • Ophthalmic and periocular examination.
  • Histopathological analysis of excised tissues, including parasite identification.

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Main Results:

  • Two dogs presented with masses involving the palpebral conjunctiva, third eyelid, and sclera.
  • Histology revealed adult Onchocerca parasites with minimal inflammation.
  • Pyogranulomas were observed around degenerating parasites.

Conclusions:

  • Canine onchocerciasis can manifest as ocular or periocular nodules.
  • Onchocerciasis should be included in the differential diagnosis for such lesions in dogs.
  • Veterinarians, especially in western states, should consider this diagnosis.