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Volume regulation in cochlear outer hair cells

J R Crist1, M Fallon, R P Bobbin

  • 1Kresge Hearing Research Laboratory of the South, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biocommunication, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70112.

Hearing Research
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Isolated outer hair cells (OHCs) can regulate their volume when exposed to hypotonic solutions, contrary to previous beliefs. This study demonstrates OHCs exhibit regulatory volume decrease (RVD) and increase (RVI) in response to osmotic challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology
  • Oto-science

Background:

  • Cells typically regulate volume via regulatory volume decrease (RVD) and increase (RVI) when exposed to osmotic stress.
  • Previous research suggested isolated outer hair cells (OHCs) lack this volume regulation, swelling and maintaining volume in hypotonic solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-examine and confirm cell volume regulation in isolated outer hair cells (OHCs).
  • To investigate the mechanisms influencing RVD and RVI in OHCs.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of outer hair cells (OHCs) from guinea pig cochleae.
  • Mechanical dissociation and dispersion of OHCs.
  • Perfusion of OHCs with hypotonic Hank's balanced salt solution (HBS) and observation of cell length changes.

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  • Application of gadolinium (Gd3+) to assess its effect on RVD.

    • Main Results:

    • A subset of isolated OHCs (26%) exhibited regulatory volume decrease (RVD) in hypotonic HBS.
    • A smaller percentage of OHCs (12%) showed both RVD and regulatory volume increase (RVI).
    • Gadolinium (Gd3+) significantly inhibited RVD in OHCs, reducing the percentage to zero.

    Conclusions:

    • This study provides the first evidence of cell volume regulation in isolated outer hair cells (OHCs).
    • OHCs possess mechanisms for RVD and RVI, challenging previous assumptions.
    • Gadolinium-sensitive pathways appear to be involved in OHC volume regulation.