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Related Experiment Videos

Exercise increases inflammatory macrophage antitumor cytotoxicity

J A Woods1, J M Davis, E P Mayer

  • 1Department of Exercise Science, School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Moderate and exhaustive exercise enhanced inflammatory macrophage tumor cell killing ability by approximately 50% in mice. This exercise-induced immune boost was not linked to corticosterone but may involve tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Inflammatory macrophages play a role in tumor surveillance.
  • Exercise is known to modulate immune function.
  • The impact of different exercise intensities on macrophage cytotoxicity remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of moderate (MOD) and exhaustive (EXH) exercise on inflammatory macrophage cytotoxicity.
  • To explore potential mechanisms, including cytokine production and corticosterone levels, underlying exercise-induced changes in macrophage function.

Main Methods:

  • Mice were injected with thioglycollate to induce inflammation and activate macrophages.
  • Mice underwent 3 days of either MOD or EXH treadmill exercise, or served as controls (CON).

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  • Macrophage cytotoxicity, cytokine production (interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha), reactive oxygen/nitrogen intermediates, and plasma corticosterone were assessed at various time points post-exercise.

    • Main Results:

    • Both MOD and EXH exercise significantly enhanced macrophage cytotoxicity by approximately 50% compared to CON mice.
    • Enhanced cytotoxicity was not correlated with interleukin-1 beta, reactive nitrogen/oxygen intermediates, or macrophage numbers.
    • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha may partially mediate the exercise effect; elevated plasma corticosterone showed no immunosuppressive impact on these macrophages.

    Conclusions:

    • Exercise, at both moderate and exhaustive intensities, enhances the tumor-inhibitory capacity of inflammatory macrophages in mice.
    • These findings partially support the inverted-U hypothesis of exercise immunology.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms and the effects on other macrophage subsets.