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Optimal genetic improvement for the high producing herd

D A Funk1

  • 1Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.

Journal of Dairy Science
|October 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Holstein cow genetic merit for milk production is rising. Focus on overall protein yield and conformation traits like udder depth for improved herd life and production efficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Genetics
  • Dairy Science
  • Livestock Breeding

Background:

  • Increasing genetic merit for milk production in Holstein cows (over 150 kg/yr).
  • Shifting economic value towards milk yield due to decreased fat differential payments and stagnant protein differential payments.
  • Limited national infrastructure for evaluating specific protein fractions (casein, whey).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate current genetic selection strategies in dairy cattle.
  • To identify key traits for improving milk production and herd longevity.
  • To provide recommendations for dairy producers managing high-producing herds.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of genetic trends in milk production.
  • Correlation analysis of conformation traits with herd life.
  • Review of national recording and evaluation systems for dairy cattle traits.
  • Assessment of genetic information availability for health traits.

Main Results:

  • Genetic merit for milk production continues to increase significantly.
  • Protein yield is recommended over specific protein fractions due to evaluation limitations.
  • Conformation traits like udder depth, udder attachment, and teat placement correlate with herd life.
  • Selection for health traits is challenging due to limited genetic data; national somatic cell count (SCC) evaluations are nascent.
  • Marker trait selection has limited value due to inter-family variation.

Conclusions:

  • Dairy producers should prioritize production traits in selection.
  • Management systems, especially nutrition, are crucial for expressing genetic potential.
  • Emphasis on protein yield and specific conformation traits can enhance herd performance and longevity.

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