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Related Experiment Videos

Response time and accuracy revisited: converging support for the interactive race model

J T Mordkoff1, H E Egeth

  • 1University of California, San Diego.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|October 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

This study supports the interactive race model of divided attention, showing it accurately predicts performance by modeling attention as a race between separate codes. Accuracy tasks confirmed specific processing stages are affected by design contingencies.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Information Processing
  • Attention Research

Background:

  • The interactive race model proposes divided attention involves a race between distinct processing codes.
  • This model is sensitive to two types of design contingency impacting different processing stages.
  • Previous evidence relied on reaction time (RT) measures from redundant-target tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To rigorously test the two core claims of the interactive race model.
  • To investigate the model's sensitivity using accuracy measures with near-threshold stimuli.
  • To differentiate the effects of perceptual versus postperceptual factors on RT and accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Employed near-threshold accuracy tasks across three distinct experiments.

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  • Utilized accuracy measures, known to be sensitive primarily to perceptual factors.
  • Contrasted findings with traditional reaction time (RT) measures sensitive to broader factors.

    • Main Results:

    • Experimental results provide converging evidence for the proposed processing stage sensitivities within the interactive race model.
    • Demonstrated that accuracy measures are differentially sensitive compared to RT measures.
    • Supported the specific loci of contingency-sensitive mechanisms as predicted by the model.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings offer robust support for the interactive race model's fundamental claims regarding divided attention.
    • Highlights the utility of accuracy-based tasks for dissecting processing stages in attention models.
    • Reinforces the understanding of distinct sensitivities between reaction time and accuracy measures in cognitive tasks.