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Development of chronic mandibular osteomyelitis in a miniswine model
A L Patterson1, R H Galloway, J C Baumgartner
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307-5300.
Abstract:
Previous attempts to develop a reproducible model of chronic mandibular osteomyelitis have met with limited success. In this study, osteomyelitis was produced in the mandibles of eight adult Yucatan miniswine by the intramedullary application of sodium morrhuate, Staphylococcus aureus, and either polymethylmethacrylate bone cement or bone wax. At 8 weeks' postinfection, the mandibles were surgically debrided and specimens were obtained for culture. Although all of the animals developed clinical evidence of osteomyelitis that was supported by positive cultures, the original organism (S aureus) was recovered only from those animals where bone wax had been used to seal the cortical defects. This animal model may be useful for evaluating newer treatment modalities for chronic osteomyelitis.
Insights
Developing a chronic mandibular osteomyelitis model in pigs showed Staphylococcus aureus recovery was linked to bone wax. This animal model shows promise for testing new chronic osteomyelitis treatments.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Infectious Diseases
- Veterinary Medicine
Background:
- Chronic mandibular osteomyelitis presents challenges in establishing reproducible animal models.
- Previous models have yielded limited success in mimicking human disease progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a reproducible animal model for chronic mandibular osteomyelitis.
- To assess the efficacy of different sealing agents in maintaining bacterial viability within the model.
Main Methods:
- Osteomyelitis was induced in Yucatan miniswine mandibles using sodium morrhuate, Staphylococcus aureus, and either polymethylmethacrylate bone cement or bone wax.
- Animals were monitored for clinical signs, and cultures were obtained at 8 weeks post-infection after surgical debridement.
Main Results:
- All animals exhibited clinical signs of osteomyelitis with positive cultures.
- Staphylococcus aureus was successfully recovered only in cases where bone wax was used to seal cortical defects.
Conclusions:
- The use of bone wax as a sealing agent facilitates the recovery of Staphylococcus aureus in this mandibular osteomyelitis model.
- This swine model offers a viable platform for evaluating novel therapeutic strategies for chronic osteomyelitis.