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Related Experiment Videos

Interaction between central pattern generators for breathing and swallowing in the cat

T E Dick1, Y Oku, J R Romaniuk

  • 1Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-5000.

The Journal of Physiology
|June 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that the neural circuits controlling breathing and swallowing interact, with swallowing bursts occurring at specific respiratory phase transitions. The pattern of this interaction varies between individuals, supporting the three-phase theory of respiratory pattern generation.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Swallowing Physiology

Background:

  • The interplay between respiratory and deglutition control is crucial for airway protection.
  • Understanding the neural mechanisms governing these coordinated functions is essential for managing conditions affecting both breathing and swallowing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between central pattern generators for respiration and deglutition in a feline model.
  • To characterize the temporal relationship between fictive breathing and fictive swallowing.
  • To examine how respiratory phase transitions influence swallowing generation.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded neural activity from hypoglossal, phrenic, thyroarytenoid, and triangularis sterni nerves in decerebrate, vagotomized, paralyzed, and ventilated cats.

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  • Induced fictive swallowing via superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) stimulation.
  • Manipulated end-tidal PCO2 to assess hypercapnic effects on the interaction.

    • Main Results:

    • Superior laryngeal nerve stimulation evoked fictive swallowing, sometimes inhibiting respiration or occurring simultaneously with breathing.
    • Fictive swallows consistently occurred at specific respiratory phase transitions.
    • The pattern of breathing-swallowing interaction was individually consistent but varied across animals.
    • Neural responses showed accommodation during prolonged stimulation, affecting swallow frequency but not swallow duration.

    Conclusions:

    • Central pattern generators for swallowing and breathing exhibit significant interaction.
    • The observed interaction patterns support the three-phase theory of respiratory pattern generation.
    • Individual variability in the interaction suggests complex neural control mechanisms.