Preventing diabetic foot disease

Diabetic foot disease results from two common pathologies: peripheral vascular disease and diabetic neuropathy. If these pathologies are not identified, ulceration may occur in the foot. Ulcers can lead to infection and finally amputation. This article discusses the components of the physical exam, current treatment for both pathologies, and client education. Because the two pathologies are similar in presentation, it is important for clinicians to distinguish between the two pathologies. Careful attention to the feet during the physical exam and assessment for symptoms can help distinguish the two pathologies. There are new treatments available for peripheral vascular disease to improve the client's circulation. Treatment of peripheral neuropathy is usually palliative, but can improve the client's quality of life. Through early identification and treatment of peripheral vascular disease and diabetic neuropathy, clients with diabetes can avoid ulceration. Client education is central to the treatment plan.