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Recent developments in alcoholism:pharmacological treatment

D A Gorelick1

  • 1Treatment Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland 21224.

Recent Developments in Alcoholism : an Official Publication of the American Medical Society on Alcoholism, the Research Society on Alcoholism, and the National Council on Alcoholism
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Recent neurobiological research enhances understanding of alcohol

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Area of Science:

  • Neurobiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Neurobiological research has significantly advanced the understanding of alcohol's effects on the nervous system.
  • This progress holds promise for improved pharmacological treatments for alcoholism.
  • Current clinical practices have not yet fully integrated these advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the neurobiological underpinnings of alcoholism.
  • To outline potential pharmacological treatments for various stages of alcoholism.
  • To identify areas for future clinical research, particularly in special populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of neurobiological research on alcohol's nervous system interactions.
  • Analysis of emerging pharmacological agents for alcoholism treatment.
  • Identification of knowledge gaps in treating special populations.

Main Results:

  • Benzodiazepine receptor antagonists/inverse agonists may treat acute alcohol intoxication.
  • Adrenergic agents and anticonvulsants show potential for acute alcohol withdrawal.
  • Serotonin uptake blockers and mu opiate receptor antagonists may aid long-term alcohol dependence treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacological treatments for alcoholism are evolving, targeting different phases of the disorder.
  • Future research is crucial to develop effective treatments for women, the elderly, and those with co-occurring psychiatric conditions.
  • Continued neurobiological research is key to advancing alcoholism pharmacotherapy.

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