[Drug aid to tobacco withdrawal]
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 8, 2026

Investigating Drivers of Antireward in Addiction Behavior with Anatomically Specific Single-Cell Gene Expression Methods
Published on: August 4, 2022
G Bobrie1, C Battaglia, E Loufrani
1Service de néphrologie, centre hospitalier P. Chubert, Vannes.
Abstract:
Persistent tobacco abuse is due to a pharmacological dependence to nicotine and to a psychological dependence to smoking. Tobacco replacement therapies, i.e. nicotine chewing gums and patches, are the only ones that are effective in aiding tobacco withdrawal; they reduce the deprivation syndrome, thereby facilitating smoking cessation and increasing its success rate. The stronger the dependence to nicotine the greater their efficacy. The insufficient results obtained at mid-term prove that replacement therapies alleviate only the dependence to nicotine and that the psychological dependence should not be overlooked.
Related Concept Videos
Drug Dependence
CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants
Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating sympathetic or...
Stimulants
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla. Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by anesthetizing...
