Burst fractures of the fifth lumbar vertebra

Eleven patients with burst fractures of the fifth lumbar vertebra were reviewed. The results of nonoperative treatment were compared with that of immediate surgery and stabilization with pedicle screw fixation. Five patients were treated nonoperatively and six patients underwent pedicle screw instrumentation and spinal fusion. Five patients had neurologic injury associated with their L5 burst fracture. Nonoperative treatment yielded excellent results in young patients with minimal canal compromise. Neurologic deficits responded more predictably to surgical decompression than to conservative treatment and internal fixation with pedicle screws restores spinal stability and allows early mobilization.