[Persistent ductus arteriosus--is closure indicated also in asymptomatic adults with small ductus and minor shunt?]

We hypothetized that conservative treatment might be justified in asymptomatic adults with a small persistent ductus arteriosus. The data of 100 patients (age, 18-72 years) who later underwent non-operative closure were retrospectively analyzed. Left- and right-heart catheterization as well as angiographic measurement of PDA-size had been performed in all patients. Thirty-five patients were asymptomatic and 65 patients had cardiac symptoms. Six patients had a history of endocarditis. There were no significant differences with respect to Qp/Qs ratio (1.69 +/- 0.45 vs. 1.57 +/- 0.32) and ductus-diameter (4.7 +/- 1.4 mm vs. 4.8 +/- 1.3 mm) between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. In the six patients with endocarditis the diameter was 4.5-7.0 mm. Symptomatic patients had higher mean pulmonary artery pressures (22.1 +/- 9.7 mm Hg vs. 18.5 +/- 5.1 mm Hg; p < 0.05) and were older (48.4 +/- 14.3 years vs. 30.9 +/- 11.2 years; p < 0.001) than asymptomatic patients. Neither from the size of the ductus nor from the Qp/Qs ratio could the development of cardiac symptoms or the risk of endocarditis be predicted individually. From these data it might be concluded that closure should be performed even in asymptomatic adults with small ductus and insignificant left-to-right shunt.