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Reduced natriuresis during weightlessness

C Drummer1, M Heer, R A Dressendörfer

  • 1Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Innenstadt, Universität München.

The Clinical Investigator
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
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Kidney function during space flight showed reduced sodium and water excretion, contrary to expectations. Urodilatin levels correlated with sodium but were altered in microgravity, suggesting a role in regulating kidney response.

Area of Science:

  • Space medicine
  • Renal physiology
  • Human physiology in microgravity

Background:

  • Understanding kidney function during space missions is crucial for astronaut health.
  • Previous hypotheses suggested increased renal fluid loss in weightlessness.
  • Body fluid metabolism and stress factors require investigation in microgravity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the kidney's response to weightlessness in a human volunteer.
  • To measure urinary excretion of sodium, water, and urodilatin during space flight.
  • To explore the relationship between urodilatin, natriuresis, and diuresis in microgravity.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a 1-week space mission with a single volunteer.
  • Collected urine samples during approximately 50% of the inflight time.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Performed preflight ground-based experiments for reference, monitoring fluid metabolism, circadian rhythms, and cortisol levels.

    • Main Results:

    • Observed a significant reduction in natriuresis and diuresis throughout the space flight, despite weight loss.
    • Measured urinary urodilatin excretion for the first time in space.
    • Found close correlations between urodilatin and sodium excretion, but this relationship was altered during weightlessness.

    Conclusions:

    • Body weight loss in space flight is not linked to increased renal fluid loss.
    • Urodilatin may play a role in counteracting reduced renal excretion during weightlessness.
    • The kidney's response to microgravity involves complex regulatory mechanisms affecting fluid and electrolyte balance.