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Concurrent hyperthyroidism and thyroid carcinoma

T Terzioğlu1, S Tezelman, Y Onaran

  • 1Department of General Surgery, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey.

The British Journal of Surgery
|October 1, 1993
PubMed
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Thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism revealed thyroid cancer in 5.8% of patients. Concurrent carcinoma was most common in toxic adenoma, with no deaths or recurrences observed post-surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Thyroidology

Background:

  • Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrine disorder often treated with thyroidectomy.
  • The incidence of concurrent thyroid carcinoma in patients undergoing surgery for hyperthyroidism requires careful evaluation.
  • Different subtypes of hyperthyroidism may present with varying rates of incidental thyroid cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of thyroid carcinoma in patients with hyperthyroidism undergoing thyroidectomy.
  • To analyze the association between specific hyperthyroid conditions and the occurrence of concurrent thyroid cancer.
  • To assess the outcomes and safety of thyroidectomy in this patient cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 138 patients who underwent thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism between 1986 and 1991.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Histopathological examination of thyroid specimens to identify carcinoma.
  • Categorization of hyperthyroid conditions into toxic nodular goitre, toxic diffuse goitre, and toxic adenoma.
  • Follow-up evaluation for morbidity, mortality, and recurrence.

    • Main Results:

    • Thyroid carcinoma was detected in 8 patients (5.8%) out of 138.
    • Toxic adenoma showed a higher frequency of concurrent carcinoma (8%) compared to Graves' disease (6%) and toxic nodular goitre (5%).
    • Papillary carcinoma was the predominant type (7 cases), with 3 being occult (<1.5 cm). No significant morbidity was reported post-operatively, and no deaths or recurrences occurred during follow-up (10-45 months).

    Conclusions:

    • Thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism is associated with a notable incidence of incidentally discovered thyroid carcinoma.
    • The risk of concurrent carcinoma varies among different etiologies of hyperthyroidism.
    • Thyroidectomy is a safe and effective treatment for hyperthyroidism, with favorable long-term outcomes even in the presence of incidental thyroid cancer.