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[Evaluation of visual acuity of small children with preferential looking methods]
A Kubatko-Zielińska1, K M Krzystkowa, M Pociej-Zero
1Pracowni Patofizjologii Widzenia i Neurookulistyki przy Katedrze Okulistyki Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego.
Insights
Preferential looking (PL) techniques, like the Teller Acuity Cards, effectively measure visual acuity in young children. This study found PL testing successful in 78.2% of children with developmental delays who couldn't use traditional methods.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Optometry
- Developmental Pediatrics
Context:
- Visual acuity assessment in young children is challenging, particularly for those with developmental delays.
- Traditional methods often fail for infants and toddlers, necessitating alternative assessment tools.
- The Strabismus and Amblyopia Department in Kraków frequently encounters children with visual acuity testing difficulties.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the efficacy of preferential looking (PL) techniques, specifically the Acuity Card Procedure (Teller Acuity Cards), for visual acuity assessment in a pediatric population.
- To determine the success rate of PL testing in children referred due to difficulties with conventional visual acuity methods.
- To assess the applicability of PL testing in children with general developmental retardation.
Summary:
- Preferential looking (PL) testing was administered to 294 children referred to an ophthalmology department, many with developmental delays.
- The Acuity Card Procedure successfully determined visual acuity in 78.2% of the children (230/294).
- Testing was possible binocularly in 20% (59/294) and not at all in 1.8% (5/294) of the children.
Impact:
- Preferential looking techniques provide a viable method for assessing visual acuity in challenging pediatric populations.
- The Acuity Card Procedure demonstrates high success rates, enabling diagnosis and management of visual impairments in young children.
- This study highlights the importance of PL testing for children with developmental delays who cannot undergo standard visual acuity examinations.
Abstract:
With preferential looking (PL) techniques, especially the Acuity Card Procedure (Teller Acuity Cards), the visual acuity in small children can be determined. PL-testing was used in 294 children in the Strabismus and Amblyopia Department of the Ophthamology Hospital in Kraków. These children had been directed from other ophthalmologic departments. Almost all of them showed general retardation and their visual acuity could not be tested with traditional methods. The testing was considered positive when the visual acuity of each eye could be determined separately. Such result was obtained in 230 children (78.2% of all patients). The remaining group consisted of 59 children (20.0%) who were tested only binocularly and 5 children (1.8%) by whom no testing was possible.