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Evaluation of the blood components considered as risk predictors in coronary heart disease
J C Hoschoian1, S D Catz, M A Borruel
1Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Insights
Coronary heart disease (CHD) patients showed higher triglycerides and lower HDL-C compared to controls. Cholesterol was elevated in younger males with CHD, while uric acid was higher in younger males with CHD.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Biochemistry
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a significant global health concern.
- Understanding biochemical differences in CHD patients is crucial for risk stratification.
- Previous studies have indicated various metabolic alterations in CHD populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and compare biochemical profiles, including lipids and uric acid, between CHD patients and control subjects.
- To analyze these differences based on sex and age groups.
- To identify potential biomarkers associated with CHD.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study comparing 249 CHD patients (pre-cardiovascular surgery) with 73,915 control subjects.
- Analysis of serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, uric acid, glycated hemoglobin, glucose, and ionized calcium.
- Stratification of results by sex and age groups (25-49 years, 50-69 years, and >69 years).
Main Results:
- Elevated total cholesterol in males aged 25-49 with CHD (241.9 vs 223.6 mg/dl, p < 0.01).
- Higher triglycerides observed in males with CHD (25-69 years) and females with CHD (25-49 years).
- Significantly lower HDL-C levels in both male and female CHD patients across all age groups (p < 0.001).
- Increased uric acid in males aged 25-49 with CHD (p < 0.05).
- No significant differences in glycated hemoglobin, glucose, or ionized calcium between CHD patients and controls.
Conclusions:
- CHD is associated with distinct lipid profiles, notably lower HDL-C in both sexes and elevated triglycerides, particularly in younger individuals.
- Age-related differences exist in the manifestation of hypercholesterolemia and hyperuricemia in males with CHD.
- These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive biochemical assessment in managing and understanding coronary heart disease risk.
Abstract:
The study included 249 patients two days before cardiovascular surgery and 73,915 control subjects. Results obtained were analyzed by grouping the individuals according to sex and age. In coronary heart disease (CHD) in males, total cholesterol was found higher than in controls (mean +/- D.S.: 241.9 +/- 44.7 vs 223.6 +/- 43.0 mg/dl, p < 0.01) between 25 and 49 years of age, this significance being lost with age. Triglycerides were also higher (197 +/- 107.3 vs 161.6 +/- 97.7 mg/dl, p < 0.01) in the CHD male population between ages 25 and 69. In CHD females, triglycerides were higher (116.9 +/- 56.2 vs 91.5 +/- 43.3 mg/dl, p < 0.05) between ages 25 and 49; cholesterol showed no difference at any of the ages studied. HDL-C was much lower in both sexes of CHD patients at all ages studied (p < 0.001). Uric acid was higher in CHD males between ages 25 and 49 (p < 0.05), this significance being lost in the older age CHD group. Other components such as glycated hemoglobin, glucose and ionized calcium, were not different from those of the control group.