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Factor B of the alternative complement pathway on human lymphocytes

L Halbwachs, P J Lachmann

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology

|January 1, 1976

Summary

Human lymphocytes possess factor B, crucial for the alternative complement pathway. This factor can be secreted by lymphocytes, playing a role in immune responses and C3 convertase formation.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Complement System Biology

Background:

The alternative pathway of the complement system is vital for innate immunity.
Factor B is a key component in the fluid phase formation of C3 convertase.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify the source and nature of a factor on human lymphocytes involved in complement activation.
To investigate the role of lymphocytes in the alternative complement pathway.

Main Methods:

Utilized Burkitt lymphoma cell lines cultured without a factor B source.
Employed cobra venom factor (CVF) to induce C3 convertase formation.
Tested inhibition with anti-human factor B antibodies.
Assessed C3-converting activity in cell supernatants.
Investigated the effect of sodium azide and cytochalasin B.

Main Results:

Human lymphocytes were identified to possess factor B of the alternative pathway.
Lymphocytes could substitute for fluid-phase factor B in C3 convertase formation with CVF.
This lymphocyte activity was inhibited by anti-human factor B antibodies.
C3-converting activity was found in the cell supernatant after CVF reaction.
Factor B was not detected antigenically on the lymphocyte membrane and may be secreted.

Conclusions:

Lymphocytes contain and can secrete factor B, a critical component of the alternative complement pathway.
This finding elucidates a novel mechanism for complement activation involving lymphocytes.
The study differentiates lymphocyte-associated factor B from the C3b receptor.

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