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Lower third molar development subsequent to second molar extraction

M E Richardson1, A Richardson

  • 1Orthodontic Division, School of Clinical Dentistry, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
|December 1, 1993
PubMed
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Extraction of second molars promotes lower third molar eruption. Most third molars uprighted and erupted into acceptable positions, though few fully replaced the second molars.

Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Orthodontics
  • Oral Surgery

Background:

  • Lower third molars (wisdom teeth) often face impaction or eruption issues.
  • Second molar extraction is a potential intervention to facilitate third molar development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the eruption and final positioning of lower third molars after second molar extraction.
  • To assess changes in third molar angulation following this surgical intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Cephalometric analysis of 63 subjects before and after second molar extraction (3+ years follow-up).
  • Measurement of mesiodistal and buccolingual angulation of lower third molars.
  • Assessment of final third molar positions using a model-based scoring system.

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Main Results:

  • All studied lower third molars erupted within 3 to 10 years post-extraction.
  • 99% of third molars achieved mesiodistal uprighting.
  • 96% of third molars erupted into good or acceptable positions, though few matched the original second molar angulation.

Conclusions:

  • Second molar extraction can successfully guide the eruption of lower third molars.
  • This procedure results in largely favorable outcomes for third molar development and positioning.
  • While third molars generally erupt well, they may not fully replicate the orientation of the extracted second molars.