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Eosinophil adhesion receptors

A J Wardlaw1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Glenfield General Hospital, Leicester, Great Britain.

Behring Institute Mitteilungen
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eosinophils and neutrophils use different adhesion pathways. While VLA-4/VCAM-1 is important in vitro, E-selectin and ICAM-1 are key for eosinophil migration in asthma.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Eosinophilic inflammation often lacks neutrophils, suggesting distinct cell adhesion mechanisms.
  • Leukocyte adhesion to endothelium is crucial for inflammatory responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differential adhesion pathways utilized by eosinophils and neutrophils.
  • To determine the role of specific adhesion molecules in eosinophil migration in chronic asthma.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro studies of eosinophil adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) stimulated with cytokines (IL-5, IL-3, IL-4).
  • Analysis of adhesion molecule expression (Mac-1, VLA-4, VCAM-1, E-selectin, ICAM-1) on eosinophils and HUVEC.
  • Examination of bronchial biopsies from asthmatic patients and controls for adhesion molecule expression.

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Main Results:

  • Interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IL-3 enhanced eosinophil adhesion via a Mac-1 dependent pathway.
  • Interleukin-4 (IL-4) upregulated VCAM-1 on HUVEC, promoting eosinophil transmigration in vitro.
  • Bronchial biopsies showed strong E-selectin and ICAM-1 expression, but weak VCAM-1 expression, in both asthmatics and controls.

Conclusions:

  • Eosinophil adhesion pathways differ from neutrophils, involving Mac-1, VLA-4, and selectins.
  • Despite in vitro findings, VCAM-1 does not appear to be significantly involved in eosinophil migration into the airways in chronic asthma.
  • E-selectin and ICAM-1 are likely the primary adhesion molecules mediating eosinophil recruitment in asthma.