Cholera toxin antagonizes morphine-induced catalepsy through a cyclic AMP-independent mechanism

We studied the effect of intracerebroventricular pretreatment with pertussis toxin and cholera toxin on morphine catalepsy in rats. Pertussis toxin (1 micrograms/rat, two, three and six days before) did not affect catalepsy evoked by central morphine. Cholera toxin (1 micrograms/rat) did not affect morphine catalepsy after 24 h and 48 h, but significantly reduced it (about 60%) after three and five days. Ten days later the morphine response had totally recovered. This effect was selective, since morphine analgesia was not modified. The reduction of catalepsy appeared unrelated to the ability of cholera toxin to raise cAMP levels, as demonstrated by the different time course of changes in striatal cholera toxin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. The effect required an intact cholera toxin molecule and did not occur with a similar dose of cholera toxin-B subunit. These findings demonstrate that catalepsy is an opioid effect not linked to pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins and suggest that the Gs protein might be involved.