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[Chronic respiratory insufficiency. Non-invasive long-term ventilation methods]

M Aubier1, J F Muir, D Robert

  • 1Unité de Pneumologie, Groupe Hospitalier Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Rouen.

Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Non-invasive ventilation, particularly nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation, has become essential for managing chronic restrictive respiratory failure. This method offers an effective alternative to tracheotomy for home therapy and is increasingly preferred for acute respiratory failure.

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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Pulmonary Physiology

Context:

  • Resurgence of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) techniques since the late 1980s.
  • Renewed interest in perithoracic ventilation with novel interfaces like the poncho.
  • Dominance of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) in clinical practice.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the significant role and advancements in non-invasive ventilation techniques.
  • To emphasize the shift towards nasal ventilation for respiratory support.
  • To discuss the application of NIV in both chronic and acute respiratory failure.

Summary:

  • Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation has become a cornerstone of home therapy for chronic restrictive respiratory failure, especially due to thoracic deformation or neuromuscular disorders.

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  • The principle of resting respiratory muscles underpins these ventilatory assistance techniques.
  • Nasal ventilation is increasingly replacing tracheotomy for home ventilation and is often preferred over endotracheal ventilation in specific acute respiratory failure scenarios.

    • Impact:

    • Nasal ventilation has significantly improved home management for patients with chronic respiratory conditions.
    • This approach offers a less invasive alternative to traditional methods like tracheotomy.
    • Enhanced patient outcomes and quality of life through effective respiratory support.