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[Iodine-induced hypothyroidism (author's transl)]

P Weidinger, J Breunsbach, K Dvorák

    MMW, Munchener Medizinische Wochenschrift
    |October 8, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Excessive iodine intake can lead to hypothyroidism and goiter in susceptible individuals due to the Wolff-Chaikoff effect. However, standard iodine prophylaxis for endemic goiter is unlikely to cause this condition.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Thyroidology

    Background:

    • Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis.
    • Excessive iodine intake can paradoxically inhibit thyroid function.

    Observation:

    • The Wolff-Chaikoff effect describes the thyroid gland's failure to adapt to high iodine doses.
    • This leads to inhibited hormone production and potential goiter formation.
    • Asthmatic patients using iodine expectorants are at risk for iodine-induced hypothyroidism.

    Findings:

    • Pathological lack of adaptation to high iodine doses causes hypothyroidism.
    • Iodine-induced hypothyroidism is linked to prolonged intake of iodine-containing medications.
    • Physiological iodine prophylaxis for endemic goiter does not pose this risk.

    Implications:

    • Caution is advised regarding prolonged, high-dose iodine supplementation.
    • Understanding the Wolff-Chaikoff effect is crucial for managing thyroid health.
    • Iodine prophylaxis for endemic goiter is generally safe and does not induce hypothyroidism.

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