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[Development of dementia]

A Himmelmann1, A Schaffner, P Greminger

  • 1Departement für Innere Medizin, Universitätsspital Zürich.

Schweizerische Rundschau Fur Medizin Praxis = Revue Suisse De Medecine Praxis
|October 26, 1993
PubMed
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Neurosyphilis can cause dementia in older adults. Prompt penicillin treatment significantly improved a patient's cognitive and urinary symptoms, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Neurosyphilis, a late stage of syphilis infection affecting the central nervous system, can manifest with diverse neurological symptoms.
  • Dementia is a growing concern in aging populations, necessitating the identification of treatable causes.

Observation:

  • A 67-year-old male presented with progressive dementia, characterized by memory impairment, confusion, and urinary incontinence.
  • Clinical presentation suggested a neurodegenerative process, prompting further investigation.

Findings:

  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination and positive serology confirmed a diagnosis of general paresis, indicating neurosyphilis.
  • The patient received high-dose penicillin G therapy.

Implications:

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  • This case underscores that neurosyphilis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of dementia, even in the absence of classic symptoms.
  • Effective treatment with penicillin can lead to significant recovery of neurological function, emphasizing the curability of certain dementia presentations.