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Related Experiment Videos

Physiological aspects of training in rowing

J M Steinacker1

  • 1Abt. Sport- und Leistungsmedizin, Universität Ulm, Germany.

International Journal of Sports Medicine
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Elite rowers possess high metabolic capacities and predominantly slow-twitch muscle fibers. Their training optimizes maximal oxygen uptake (VO2) and aerobic-anaerobic threshold (AAT) for peak race performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Rowing demands significant muscular force (1000-1500 N at start, 500-700 N during race).
  • Successful rowers exhibit adaptations including large muscle mass and high metabolic capacities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate physiological adaptations in elite rowers.
  • To correlate rowing performance with muscle fiber type and metabolic markers.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of muscle fiber composition (slow-twitch vs. fast-twitch).
  • Measurement of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2) and aerobic-anaerobic threshold (AAT).
  • Correlation of rowing force and velocity with VO2 and blood lactate levels.

Main Results:

  • Elite rowers have 70%-85% slow-twitch fibers with enhanced oxidative capacity.
  • Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2) correlates with rowing force, boat velocity, and slow-twitch fiber content.
  • Aerobic-anaerobic threshold (AAT) is high (80-85% of max performance) and related to VO2 during race.

Conclusions:

  • Physiological profile of elite rowers is characterized by high oxidative capacity and slow-twitch fiber dominance.
  • Training strategies focus on maintaining intensity below AAT, supplemented by high-intensity work and significant annual volume (5000-7000 km).

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