Related Experiment Videos
Alprazolam and benzodiazepine dependence
E M Sellers1, D A Ciraulo, R L DuPont
1Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Canada.
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
|October 1, 1993
Summary
Alprazolam nonmedical use is rare, especially in anxiety patients. However, concerns exist for those with alcohol or drug abuse, and inappropriate prescribing contributes to misuse.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Psychiatry
- Public Health
Background:
- Alprazolam is widely prescribed for anxiety disorders.
- Nonmedical use of medications is a significant public health concern.
- Benzodiazepine abuse and dependence are complex issues requiring nuanced understanding.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the incidence and nature of nonmedical alprazolam use.
- To identify populations at higher risk for alprazolam abuse.
- To inform prescribing practices and harm reduction strategies.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on alprazolam misuse.
- Analysis of data regarding benzodiazepine abuse patterns.
- Examination of prescribing practices and patient populations.
Main Results:
- Nonmedical alprazolam use is low relative to legitimate medical use.
- Dependence is not a significant issue for most anxiety disorder patients.
- Higher risk groups include individuals with alcohol or drug abuse, particularly those in methadone maintenance.
- Alprazolam and diazepam may have higher abuse liability than other benzodiazepines.
- Inappropriate prescribing by a small number of physicians contributes to misuse.
Conclusions:
- While overall nonmedical use is low, targeted vigilance is needed for at-risk populations.
- Cautionary prescribing is advised for patients with co-occurring substance use disorders.
- Strategies like drug testing in methadone programs may mitigate misuse.
- Further research is needed to fully understand the extent and nature of alprazolam misuse.