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Maxillofacial fractures in children

N Tanaka1, N Uchide, K Suzuki

  • 1First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.

Journal of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery : Official Publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery
|October 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric maxillofacial fractures are common, particularly in boys over 13. Conservative treatment is often successful, but some children with alveolar fractures may need longer fixation and follow-up to prevent malocclusion.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthodontics
  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Pediatric Traumatology

Background:

  • Pediatric maxillofacial fractures represent 14.7% of all such injuries.
  • Boys are more commonly affected than girls, with a ratio of 2.1:1.
  • The highest incidence occurs in boys over 13 years of age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the incidence, common sites, treatment, and outcomes of pediatric maxillofacial fractures.
  • To evaluate the long-term effects of conservative treatment on pediatric facial fractures.
  • To identify potential needs for modified treatment protocols in pediatric alveolar fractures.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective clinico-statistical study of 81 pediatric fractures from 1977-1990.
  • Analysis of fracture types, patient demographics, and treatment modalities.

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  • Long-term follow-up assessment of treatment success and complications.

    • Main Results:

    • Upper alveolar bone and mandible fractures were most frequent.
    • Conservative therapy, including maxillomandibular fixation with orthodontic brackets, was generally successful.
    • 5 out of 21 patients with alveolar fractures experienced malocclusion.

    Conclusions:

    • Conservative management is effective for most pediatric maxillofacial fractures.
    • Alveolar fractures in children may require extended intramaxillary fixation and prolonged follow-up.
    • Further investigation into optimal treatment duration for pediatric alveolar fractures is warranted to minimize malocclusion.