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Mandibular involvement in patients with multiple myeloma

M Furutani1, M Ohnishi, Y Tanaka

  • 1Department of Dentistry and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Kobe City General Hospital, Japan.

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Multiple myeloma can affect the jaw bones, with some patients showing fractures or radiolucent areas. A skeletal survey including the jaw is recommended for early multiple myeloma detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Oncology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma is a hematologic malignancy affecting plasma cells.
  • Jaw bone involvement in multiple myeloma is not widely recognized.
  • Early detection of multiple myeloma can improve patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and presentation of mandibular involvement in patients with multiple myeloma.
  • To assess the diagnostic utility of jaw bone changes in multiple myeloma.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 38 patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma.
  • Analysis of dental and skeletal radiographic surveys.
  • Clinical examination for oral symptoms.

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Main Results:

  • Five out of 38 patients (13%) exhibited mandibular involvement.
  • One patient presented with a pathological fracture of the mandibular angle.
  • Another patient showed a radiolucent lesion in the mandibular body.
  • Three patients had asymptomatic mandibular lesions.
  • All five cases also displayed characteristic "punched-out" skull lesions.

Conclusions:

  • Mandibular involvement is a potential, albeit uncommon, manifestation of multiple myeloma.
  • Radiolucent lesions and pathological fractures in the mandible can be indicative of multiple myeloma.
  • A comprehensive skeletal survey, including the jaw, is recommended for patients with multiple myeloma to facilitate early diagnosis.