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Apolipoprotein(a) and atherogenesis

E D Janus1

  • 1Department of Chemical Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne.

Pathology
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), specifically apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)), is linked to increased macrovascular disease risk, especially in diabetics with kidney issues. Higher apo(a) levels were found in coronary heart disease patients compared to controls.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Clinical Biochemistry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is composed of apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)) and apolipoprotein B.
  • Apo(a) exhibits genetic polymorphism, with smaller forms associated with higher plasma levels and increased macrovascular disease risk.
  • Elevated Lp(a) is a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of elevated apolipoprotein(a) levels in patients with established coronary heart disease.
  • To compare apo(a) levels in patients with coronary heart disease to normal controls.
  • To explore the association of apo(a) levels with macrovascular disease risk in diabetic patients with renal disease.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 6448 patients with established coronary heart disease and 140 normal controls.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measurement of apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)) plasma levels.
  • Analysis of apo(a) levels in diabetic patients with and without microalbuminuria/albuminuria.

    • Main Results:

    • 43% of coronary heart disease patients had apo(a) levels > 300 units/L, compared to 25% of controls.
    • 10% of coronary heart disease patients had apo(a) levels > 1000 units/L, versus 1% of controls.
    • Diabetic patients with microalbuminuria or albuminuria had apo(a) levels comparable to non-diabetic patients with coronary artery disease.

    Conclusions:

    • Elevated apo(a) levels are common in patients with established coronary heart disease.
    • Apo(a) may play a role in the accelerated macrovascular disease observed in diabetic patients with renal disease.
    • Screening for cardiovascular risk should consider Lp(a) levels, particularly in patients with low HDL or diabetes with renal complications.