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Activin A induces apoptotic cell death

T Nishihara1, N Okahashi, N Ueda

  • 1Department of Oral Science, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|December 15, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Activin A induces apoptosis in interleukin-6 (IL-6)-dependent B9 cells, a novel cytotoxic effect. This cell death mechanism, involving DNA fragmentation, may prevent uncontrolled cell growth.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Activins, part of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) superfamily, regulate diverse biological processes.
  • Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is crucial for the survival and proliferation of certain immune cells, including B9 hybridoma and myeloma cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the novel effects of activin A on hybridoma and myeloma cell lines.
  • To determine if activin A induces apoptosis in IL-6-dependent B9 cells and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of B9 cells to activin A and assessment of cytotoxicity.
  • Measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release as an indicator of cell damage.
  • Analysis of DNA fragmentation patterns using gel electrophoresis.
  • Evaluation of the effects of IL-6 and follistatin on activin A-induced cytotoxicity.

Main Results:

  • Activin A demonstrated a significant cytotoxic effect on IL-6-dependent B9 cells.
  • Activin A induced DNA fragmentation, characteristic of apoptosis, and increased LDH release.
  • IL-6 did not protect B9 cells from activin A-induced apoptosis.
  • Follistatin effectively suppressed the cytotoxic effects of activin A on B9 cells.
  • Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) did not exhibit cytotoxic effects on B9 cells.

Conclusions:

  • Activin A induces apoptosis in IL-6-dependent B9 cells through a mechanism involving DNA fragmentation.
  • This apoptotic pathway triggered by activin A may serve as a crucial mechanism to inhibit uncontrolled cell proliferation.
  • Activin A's cytotoxic action is distinct from TGF beta and can be modulated by follistatin.

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