Fibromuscular dysplasia and aneurysm formation in the brachial artery

A patient with isolated right brachial artery aneurysms is presented. As a young woman these had been misdiagnosed, leading to inappropriate surgery and a subsequent brachial artery aneurysm produced median nerve neuropraxia. Resection of the aneurysm and bypass relieved these symptoms and the aetiology was fibromuscular dysplasia. The literature on fibromuscular dysplasia and aneurysms of the brachial artery are reviewed.