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Primitive reflexes in Parkinson's disease

F W Vreeling1, F R Verhey, P J Houx

  • 1University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
|December 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Primitive reflexes, like the snout reflex, are significantly more common in Parkinson's disease patients. Standardized assessment of these reflexes may aid in diagnosing Parkinson's disease.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Primitive reflexes are typically present in infants and disappear with neurological maturation.
  • Their reappearance in adults can indicate underlying neurological dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of primitive reflexes in Parkinson's disease.
  • To determine if primitive reflexes can serve as diagnostic markers for Parkinson's disease.

Main Methods:

  • A standardized protocol was used to assess 15 primitive reflexes in 25 Parkinson's disease patients and 25 healthy controls.
  • Reflex amplitude and persistence were scored separately for each reflex.

Main Results:

  • Most primitive reflexes were significantly more frequent in Parkinson's disease patients compared to controls.

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  • The snout, glabellar tap, and nasopalpebral reflexes were particularly prevalent in patients.
  • Reflex persistence and amplitude were generally higher in patients, correlating more with cognitive scales than disease severity.

    • Conclusions:

    • Primitive reflexes are common in Parkinson's disease and may be indicative of the condition.
    • A standardized protocol for assessing primitive reflexes is crucial for research in parkinsonism and other neuropsychiatric disorders.