[Thoracic approach for splenectomy in hematologic patients]

Area of Science:

• Surgical Oncology
• Hematology
• Thoracic Surgery

Background:

• Splenectomy is a common procedure for various hematological conditions.
• Patients with hemorrhagic syndrome or Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome present high operative risks.
• Traditional abdominal splenectomy may be unsafe in these high-risk patient groups.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the thoracic approach for splenectomy.
• To compare the thoracic approach with the abdominal approach in high-risk hematological patients.

Main Methods:

• Topographoanatomical studies of the thoracic approach.
• Analysis of postoperative complications following splenectomy.
• Detailed investigation of operative stages for both thoracic and abdominal approaches.
• Experience from 226 splenectomy operations for blood system diseases.

Main Results:

• The thoracic approach with diaphragmotomy is proven to be advantageous.
• The abdominal approach is deemed insufficient for ensuring safe operations in high-risk patients.
• A significant reduction in postoperative surgical complications was observed with the thoracic approach compared to the abdominal approach.

Conclusions:

• The thoracic approach to splenectomy is a safer and more effective method for hematological patients, particularly those with complex conditions.
• This approach minimizes postoperative complications, enhancing patient outcomes.
• The findings support the thoracic route as a preferred surgical strategy in specific patient populations.