Related Experiment Videos
The effects of disodium cromoglycate on dexamethasome metabolism
Abstract:
The effect of disodium cromoglycate on dexamethasone metabolism was studied in 4 patients with bronchial asthma before and after 3 weeks of treatment. Labeled dexamethasome was injected intravenously and serial blood samples were collected during the next 6 hours. Transport kinetics of labeled dexamethasone were determined using a 2-compartment model. Baseline plasma equilibrated half-life values ranged from 133 to 258 min, and metabolic clearance rate ranged from 134 to 912 liter per day. After disodium cromoglycate therapy a small decrease in labeled dexamethasone clearance occurred. There was a mean increase in half-life of 20 min (9 per cent), being 201+/-51 (mean +/- SD) before therapy and 220+/-57 min after therapy. This was not significant. Metabolic clearance rate decreased 13 per cent (59 liter per day), being 441+/-334 liter per day before and 382+/-304 liter per day after treatment (P less than 0.05). Other transport kinetics of labeled dexamethasone were not significantly different with therapy. The results of this investigation demonstrate that disodium cromoglycate produces small but probably not significant changes in dexamethasone metabolism. The investigation supports the thesis that the steroid-sparing effect of disodium cromoglycate is not the result of depression of corticosteroid plasma clearance with longer duration of steroid action but most likely is the result of the effect of disodium cromoglycate on cellular mechanisms and inhibition of mediator release.
Related Concept Videos
Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis
Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids
ICS work through a multifaceted mechanism of action. They suppress the inflammatory response caused by the proliferation of TH cells. They also reduce the transcription of the IL-2 gene, which is involved in the...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids
Adrenal Gland Disorders
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants
Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating...
Adrenergic Agonists: Mixed-Action Agents
Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine lack a catecholamine group, making them less susceptible to degradation by metabolic enzymes. They have increased oral bioavailability and lipophilicity, resulting in a longer duration of action. Their response is reduced by...