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Metal fume fever

T Gordon1, J M Fine

  • 1Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Medical Center, Tuxedo 10987.

Occupational Medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Metal fume fever, caused by inhaling zinc oxide fumes, causes flu-like symptoms that resolve on their own. Current workplace exposure limits may not fully protect against this illness.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Medicine
  • Toxicology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Metal fume fever is an acute, self-limiting illness.
  • It is primarily caused by inhaling zinc oxide fumes.
  • Symptoms include chills, fever, and body aches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics and implications of metal fume fever.
  • To assess the adequacy of current occupational exposure limits.
  • To emphasize the importance of prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of metal fume fever cases and occupational exposure data.
  • Analysis of existing Threshold Limit Values (TLV) and Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL).

Main Results:

  • Metal fume fever onset is rapid after fume inhalation, with spontaneous symptom resolution.
  • Current TLV/PEL (5 mg/m3 and 10 mg/m3 STEL) may not be fully protective.
  • No chronic health effects have been documented to date.

Conclusions:

  • Metal fume fever is a significant, albeit short-term, workplace illness.
  • Prevention of exposure to zinc oxide fumes is crucial.
  • Further evaluation of exposure limits may be warranted.

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