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Stress of tooth and PDL structure created by bite force
1First Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo Ika Shika Daigaku.
The Bulletin of Tokyo Medical and Dental University
|December 1, 1993
Summary
This study shows how tooth structures like enamel and dentine, along with the periodontal ligament (PDL), work together to reduce stress during biting. Different material properties are key to managing bite force distribution.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Mechanics
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Tooth structures (enamel, dentine, pulp, cementum) are complex and play a role in stress distribution from bite forces.
- Understanding how these structures, along with the periodontal ligament (PDL), manage stress is crucial for dental health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the role of tooth and PDL structures in stress distribution using a three-dimensional finite element method.
- To investigate how bite forces are managed and distributed through the complex layers of a tooth.
Main Methods:
- A three-dimensional finite element model of a mandibular first molar was created.
- Measured bite forces were applied to the occlusal surface of the model.
- Stress contours and principal stress graphs were used to analyze stress distribution.
Main Results:
- Stress decreased from the occlusal surface towards the cervical portion in dentine and pulp.
- Compressive stress increased in the enamel layer, distributing outward on the lower half of the crown.
- The PDL exhibited lower principal stresses than the root surfaces, indicating its role in stress reduction.
Conclusions:
- The PDL, dentine, and pulp cooperate to reduce stress experienced by the tooth.
- The sequence of enamel, dentine, and pulp material properties significantly influences stress distribution patterns.
- Material properties of tooth structures are critical for effective stress reduction, particularly in the root.