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Severe flea infestation in dairy calves

M W Dryden1, A B Broce, W E Moore

  • 1Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-5605.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|November 15, 1993
PubMed
Summary

A severe cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis) infestation in dairy calves caused anemia and emaciation. A control program involving insecticides and premise management successfully eradicated the fleas.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Entomology
  • Dairy Science
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Severe infestations of cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) can impact livestock health.
  • Dairy calves are susceptible to parasitic infections that can lead to anemia and poor growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a severe flea infestation in Holstein dairy calves.
  • To identify the causative agent and assess the health impact on the calves.
  • To implement and evaluate a control program.

Main Methods:

  • Field investigation and flea collection, identifying Ctenocephalides felis.
  • Clinical assessment of affected calves, including blood sample analysis for anemia.
  • Implementation of an integrated pest management program: insecticide and insect-growth regulator treatments for calves and premises, straw bedding removal, and cat population control (treatment and trapping).

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Main Results:

  • Over 92,000 fleas were collected from the barn housing the calves.
  • Eight out of ten sampled calves were found to be anemic, with several appearing emaciated.
  • Nine weeks post-implementation of the control program, no fleas were detected on the calves or in the barn environment.

Conclusions:

  • Cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) can cause significant health issues, including anemia, in dairy calves.
  • An integrated control strategy combining chemical treatments and environmental management is effective in eradicating severe flea infestations in calf housing.
  • Prompt and comprehensive intervention is crucial to mitigate the adverse health effects of parasitic infestations on young cattle.